Type hints: `Optional`, `Union`, `Literal`, `Any`, generics, `Protocol`, and type checking tools
Type hints document intent, improve tooling, and can express unions, optional values, generics, literal constraints, protocols, and escape hatches like `Any`.
- Hints help humans and tools
- `Protocol` supports structural typing
- Mypy and Pyright are common static type checkers
Type hints: `Optional`, `Union`, `Literal`, `Any`, generics, `Protocol`, and type checking tools