Advantages of the Django ORM
The ORM improves productivity with composable queries, model validation, and database abstraction.
- Readable query API
- Built-in escaping reduces SQL injection risk
- Easy relation traversal
Advantages of the Django ORM
Django cards
25 cards
Class-based views vs function-based views in Django
Function-based views are explicit and simple, while class-based views reduce repetition through reusable behavior and inheritance.
- FBVs are straightforward
- CBVs are reusable
- Choose based on clarity not fashion
Class-based views vs function-based views in Django
Django caching basics
Cache expensive work at the right layer: low-level data, per-view output, or template fragments.
- Trade freshness for speed
- Use stable cache keys
- Invalidate intentionally
Django caching basics
Explain Django MVT architecture
Django splits concerns into models, views, and templates, with the framework routing requests between them.
- Model holds data rules
- View handles request logic
- Template renders response
Explain Django MVT architecture
How do transactions work in Django?
Django transactions group database operations so partial writes do not persist when an error happens mid-flow.
- Use transaction.atomic
- Good for multi-step writes
- Keep the transaction scope tight
How do transactions work in Django?
How do you avoid N+1 queries in Django?
Use relation-aware loading like select_related and prefetch_related when templates or loops will touch related objects repeatedly.
- Spot repeated per-row queries
- Load related data intentionally
- Profile before guessing
How do you avoid N+1 queries in Django?
How does authentication differ from authorization in Django?
Authentication verifies who the user is, while authorization decides what that user is allowed to do.
- Login proves identity
- Permissions control access
- Both matter for secure apps
How does authentication differ from authorization in Django?
select_related vs prefetch_related
select_related joins single-valued relations in SQL; prefetch_related fetches related collections in extra queries.
- select_related for FK and O2O
- prefetch_related for M2M and reverse FK
- Both reduce N+1 queries
select_related vs prefetch_related
Session vs cookie in Django
Cookies live in the browser, while sessions usually store server-side state and use a cookie only for the session key.
- Cookie stores small client data
- Session stores server data
- Secure cookies still live client-side
Session vs cookie in Django
Static files vs media files in Django
Static files are app assets you ship, while media files are user-uploaded content created after deployment.
- Static belongs to the codebase or build output
- Media is runtime content
- Storage and serving patterns often differ
Static files vs media files in Django